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PRODID:-//archive.cryptologicfoundation.org//NONSGML kigkonsult.se iCalcrea
 tor 2.30.10//
CALSCALE:GREGORIAN
METHOD:PUBLISH
UID:1a2b307c-8631-4ca7-98a6-d6a18ce20aa7
X-WR-CALDESC:1 May 1943: GC&CS activated the Heath Robinson Machine (predec
 essor to Colossus). It had a frame onto which two teleprinter paper tapes 
 were mounted -- weaving their way through a convoluted network of reels --
  and read optically\; a rack containing counters\, and another rack for va
 lved logic circuits.  The machine was an effective prototype\, and paved t
 he way for creation of the Colossus\, which swapped the tape used in the H
 eath Robinson machine for an electronic system.\n\nThe machine was named a
 fter Heath Robinson - a British cartoonist and illustrator best known for 
 designing fantastically complicated machines. To describe something as Hea
 th Robinson-esque is to describe an invention that is simultaneously ingen
 ious\, extremely complicated\, and makeshift. One of Robinson's illustrati
 ons is featured here - the pancake-making machine!\n\nLearn more via the W
 IRED article by Olivia Solon linked below.
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X-WR-TIMEZONE:America/New_York
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TZID:America/New_York
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TZNAME:EST
DTSTART:20251102T020000
TZOFFSETFROM:-0400
TZOFFSETTO:-0500
RDATE:20261101T020000
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TZNAME:EDT
DTSTART:20260308T020000
TZOFFSETFROM:-0500
TZOFFSETTO:-0400
RDATE:20270314T020000
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UID:29839bcd-bd22-41af-bc93-d6c1240e5a30
DTSTAMP:20260424T083453Z
DESCRIPTION:1 May 1943: GC&CS activated the Heath Robinson Machine (predece
 ssor to Colossus). It had a frame onto which two teleprinter paper tapes w
 ere mounted -- weaving their way through a convoluted network of reels -- 
 and read optically\; a rack containing counters\, and another rack for val
 ved logic circuits.  The machine was an effective prototype\, and paved th
 e way for creation of the Colossus\, which swapped the tape used in the He
 ath Robinson machine for an electronic system.\n\nThe machine was named af
 ter Heath Robinson - a British cartoonist and illustrator best known for d
 esigning fantastically complicated machines. To describe something as Heat
 h Robinson-esque is to describe an invention that is simultaneously ingeni
 ous\, extremely complicated\, and makeshift. One of Robinson's illustratio
 ns is featured here - the pancake-making machine!\n\nLearn more via the WI
 RED article by Olivia Solon linked below.
DTSTART;TZID=America/New_York:20260501T060000
DTEND;TZID=America/New_York:20260501T060001
LOCATION:
SUMMARY:1943: GC & CS activated Heath Robinson Machine (predecessor to Colo
 ssus).
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