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X-WR-CALDESC:19 May 1919: Department of State approved creation of Cipher B
 ureau 'Black Chamber.' The Black Chamber was a precursor to the modern-day
  National Security Agency. It was the United States' first peacetime feder
 al intelligence agency. Photo credit: NSA\n\nThe following is an excerpt f
 rom NSA Web page: The Black Chamber. To read more\, follow the link at the
  end of the page.\n\nThe sponsor for the Cipher Bureau was the State Depar
 tment\, although the Army and the Navy shared in the budgeting and decrypt
 s. Herbert Yardley\, formerly a code clerk for the Department of State\, r
 ecently a major in command of MI-8\, Military Intelligence's wartime crypt
 ologic section\, was chosen as head of the new civilian organization. The 
 Cipher Bureau had the distinction of being the first national\, civilian i
 ntelligence organization in peacetime.\n\nAfter the Bureau was dissolved i
 n 1929 and Yardley was out of work\, he decided to write his story - event
 ually in the form of a book\, 'The American Black Chamber.' The book was f
 illed with good stories well told\, as well as frank descriptions of Yardl
 ey's successes in cryptanalysis. It was a best-seller in 1932 -- overseas 
 as well as domestically.\n\nWhile many of his former colleagues and those 
 now engaged in military cryptanalysis were appalled at the revelations in 
 his book\, Yardley defended his publication. He claimed self-righteously t
 hat his only motive had been to alert the United States to the weakness of
  its own systems and to the power of cryptanalysts. What he could do\, he 
 said\, people in other nations could also do.
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BEGIN:VEVENT
UID:c928777c-5fad-43ce-a939-0684065e85f0
DTSTAMP:20260424T074519Z
DESCRIPTION:19 May 1919: Department of State approved creation of Cipher Bu
 reau 'Black Chamber.' The Black Chamber was a precursor to the modern-day 
 National Security Agency. It was the United States' first peacetime federa
 l intelligence agency. Photo credit: NSA\n\nThe following is an excerpt fr
 om NSA Web page: The Black Chamber. To read more\, follow the link at the 
 end of the page.\n\nThe sponsor for the Cipher Bureau was the State Depart
 ment\, although the Army and the Navy shared in the budgeting and decrypts
 . Herbert Yardley\, formerly a code clerk for the Department of State\, re
 cently a major in command of MI-8\, Military Intelligence's wartime crypto
 logic section\, was chosen as head of the new civilian organization. The C
 ipher Bureau had the distinction of being the first national\, civilian in
 telligence organization in peacetime.\n\nAfter the Bureau was dissolved in
  1929 and Yardley was out of work\, he decided to write his story - eventu
 ally in the form of a book\, 'The American Black Chamber.' The book was fi
 lled with good stories well told\, as well as frank descriptions of Yardle
 y's successes in cryptanalysis. It was a best-seller in 1932 -- overseas a
 s well as domestically.\n\nWhile many of his former colleagues and those n
 ow engaged in military cryptanalysis were appalled at the revelations in h
 is book\, Yardley defended his publication. He claimed self-righteously th
 at his only motive had been to alert the United States to the weakness of 
 its own systems and to the power of cryptanalysts. What he could do\, he s
 aid\, people in other nations could also do.
DTSTART;TZID=America/New_York:20260519T060000
DTEND;TZID=America/New_York:20260519T060001
LOCATION:
SUMMARY:1919: DoS approved creation of Cipher Bureau 'Black Chamber.'
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