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X-WR-CALDESC:1 October 1919: The American Cipher Bureau\, 'Black Chamber\,'
  began operations. Photo credit: NSA.\n\nThe following is an excerpt from 
 NSA.gov. To learn more\, follow the article link at the end of the page.\n
 \nThe sponsor for the Cipher Bureau was the State Department\, although th
 e Army and the Navy shared in the budgeting and decrypts. Herbert Yardley\
 , formerly a code clerk for the Department of State\, recently a major in 
 command of MI-8\, Military Intelligence's wartime cryptologic section\, wa
 s chosen as head of the new civilian organization. The Cipher Bureau had t
 he distinction of being the first national\, civilian intelligence organiz
 ation in peacetime. \n\nAfter the Bureau was dissolved in 1929 and Yardley
  was out of work\, he decided to write his story - eventually in the form 
 of a book\, 'The American Black Chamber.' The book was filled with good st
 ories well told\, as well as frank descriptions of Yardley's successes in 
 cryptanalysis. It was a best-seller in 1932 -- overseas as well as domesti
 cally.\n\nWhile many of his former colleagues and those now engaged in mil
 itary cryptanalysis were appalled at the revelations in his book\, Yardley
  defended his publication. He claimed self-righteously that his only motiv
 e had been to alert the United States to the weakness of its own systems a
 nd to the power of cryptanalysts. What he could do\, he said\, people in o
 ther nations could also do.
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UID:69ae495b-822d-4cdb-9901-b45223bff6ef
DTSTAMP:20260425T104804Z
DESCRIPTION:1 October 1919: The American Cipher Bureau\, 'Black Chamber\,' 
 began operations. Photo credit: NSA.\n\nThe following is an excerpt from N
 SA.gov. To learn more\, follow the article link at the end of the page.\n
 \nThe sponsor for the Cipher Bureau was the State Department\, although th
 e Army and the Navy shared in the budgeting and decrypts. Herbert Yardley\
 , formerly a code clerk for the Department of State\, recently a major in 
 command of MI-8\, Military Intelligence's wartime cryptologic section\, wa
 s chosen as head of the new civilian organization. The Cipher Bureau had t
 he distinction of being the first national\, civilian intelligence organiz
 ation in peacetime. \n\nAfter the Bureau was dissolved in 1929 and Yardley
  was out of work\, he decided to write his story - eventually in the form 
 of a book\, 'The American Black Chamber.' The book was filled with good st
 ories well told\, as well as frank descriptions of Yardley's successes in 
 cryptanalysis. It was a best-seller in 1932 -- overseas as well as domesti
 cally.\n\nWhile many of his former colleagues and those now engaged in mil
 itary cryptanalysis were appalled at the revelations in his book\, Yardley
  defended his publication. He claimed self-righteously that his only motiv
 e had been to alert the United States to the weakness of its own systems a
 nd to the power of cryptanalysts. What he could do\, he said\, people in o
 ther nations could also do.
DTSTART;TZID=America/New_York:20271001T000000
DTEND;TZID=America/New_York:20271001T235900
LOCATION:
SUMMARY:1919: The American 'Black Chamber' began operations.
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